A self-contained assembly designed to provide cooling in mobile or stationary environments. This usually includes an electrically-powered refrigerant pump, condenser, expansion device, and evaporator. An example is a portable air conditioning system used in vehicles or small enclosures, powered directly from a 12-volt electrical source.
This system offers the advantage of independent climate control without relying on a vehicle’s engine or a mains power supply. Historically, such systems were bulky and inefficient. Advancements in compressor technology and miniaturization of components have led to more compact and energy-efficient units, making them suitable for a wide range of applications, including automotive, marine, and off-grid living.